Divorce is the termination of husband and wife relationship according to the court’s legally effective judgment or decision. Divorce procedures are prescribed in the Civil Procedure Code, Law on Marriage and Family, Law on Mediation at grassroots… There are two forms of divorce in Vietnam: divorce at the request of one party (unilateral divorce) and divorce by mutual consent.
Divorce dispute lawyers in Vietnam
For divorce at the
request of one party, the Court shall handle divorce at the request of spouse
if it has grounds to believe that a spouse commits domestic violence or
seriously infringes upon the rights and obligations of the husband or wife,
which seriously deteriorates the marriage and makes their common life no longer
impossible and the marriage purposes unachievable. The goals of a marriage that
are not achieved include unequal obligations and rights between husband and
wife; no husband and wife friendship; husband and wife do not respect each
other’s honor, dignity and reputation; do not respect the right to freedom of
belief and each other; do not help, and facilitate each other to develop in all
aspects. In addition, a husband has no right to request a divorce when his wife
is pregnant, gives birth or is nursing an under-12-month child. This provision
limits the husband’s right to request a divorce when the wife is pregnant or is
raising children under 12 months of age and if the wife requests divorce,
whether she is pregnant or raising children under 12 months of age, the court
the court still accepts and resolves like other normal cases.
Documents to file divorce petition?
Documents required for
unilateral divorce include: Unilateral divorce application form; Marriage
certificate (original copy); Identity card of husband and wife (certified
copy); Child’s birth certificate (if there are common children, certified
copy); Household registration book (certified copy); Documents proving ownership
of common property (if there is common property, certified copy).
In order to proceed with
a unilateral divorce, the petitioner needs to file a lawsuit for divorce at the
competent court. The Court where the defendant resides and works is competent
court to settle according to the first-instance procedure disputes about
marriage and family. Therefore, in the case of unilateral divorce, the Court
where the competent jurisdiction is located is the place where the defendant
resides and works. In case of foreigners being husband or wife, the
provincial/municipal courts are competent courts to settle.
What is procedure of divorce petition?
Before accepting the
divorce petition, the State and society encourage the mediation at the
grassroots level when the husband and wife request the divorce with petition.
Mediation is conducted in accordance with the Mediation at grassroots.
After receiving the
unilateral divorce petition, the Chief Justice of the Court assigns the Judge
to examine the application and relevant papers. In case of necessity, the
plaintiff shall notify the applicant of additional papers and necessary
information. If the dossier is complete and eligible to accept the case, the
Court shall notify the plaintiff of the advance payment of court fees at the
Civil Judgment Execution Bureau within 7 days and return it to the Court a
receipt of court fee advances. The judge proceeds to accept the case upon
receiving the receipt of payment of court fee advances and shall notify the
plaintiff, the defendant and the persons with relevant rights and obligations
regarding the acceptance of the case within 03 days. The defendant and the
persons with relevant rights and obligations within 15 days from the date of
receipt of the notice of acceptance have the right to make counter-claims to
the plaintiffs’ requests.
After the petition has
been accepted, the Court shall conduct conciliation according to the law on
civil procedures. The judge assigned to solve the case conducts a meeting to
check the handover, access, disclosure of evidence and mediation of divorce
between the involved parties and analyze clearly the rights and obligations for
the involved parties to reach an agreement on the resolution of the case. In
case after mediation the husband and wife reunite, it is considered the
plaintiff withdraws the petition, and the Court issues a decision to suspend
their request. If they cannot reunite but reach an agreement on the divorce,
property division and children custody, after 7 days from the date the Court makes
the minutes of the mediation to the parties without changing their mind. The
Court shall recognize the divorce agreement and issue a decision recognizing
the agreement of the parties. In case of unsuccessful mediation, the Court
shall issue a decision to bring the case to trial if it is not in the case of
suspension of settlement as prescribed.
How court trial is opened for divorce petition case?
Within 01 month from the
day on which the decision to bring the case to trial is issued, the Court must
open a trial. In case of good reason, this time limit may be extended but for
no more than 2 months. At the end of the trial, the result of unilateral divorce
resolution will be decided by the civil judgment. In case of unilateral
divorce, the settlement time may be longer, maybe from 04 to 06 months. In
fact, due to possible child custody and property disputes, the time to resolve
may be longer.
For cases with disputes
over assets, apart from the court fee of VND 300,000, the involved parties must
also bear court costs for the disputed properties, determined according to the
value of the disputed properties according to the provisions.
It is important that the
parties need to research and prepare for relevant documents and procedures in
their case and consult with lawyers in civil, family and property division,
child custody disputes in Vietnam before
taking action.
ANT
Lawyers - a Law firm in Vietnam has experience lawyers with divorce
procedures or dispute matters of assets, properties in Vietnam. For advice
or service request, please contact us via email ant@antlawyers.vn, or call us
+84 24 730 86 529
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